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Types of Non-Destructive Testing

The tensile-strength test is within itself destructive; in the process of collecting data, the sample is obliterated. Although this is excusable when a safe store of the sample material is at hand, nondestructive procedures are better for materials that are dear or difficult to create or that have been shaped into finished or semicompleted items.

Liquids

One tried and true nondestructive technique, utilized to find surface marks and flaws in metal samples, employs a penetrating fluid, either visibly dyed or fluorescent. After being pasted on the surface of the metal sample and allowed to sink into any small imperfections, the liquid is removed, leaving brightly revealed breaks and flaws. Similarly, another technique, better for nonmetals, employs an electrically charged fluid rubbed on the material surface. After excess liquid is cleared off, a dry powder of opposite charge is sprayed on the surface of the material and draws to the cracks. Neither of these methods, however, can detect internal weak points.

Radiation

Internal, like external imperfections, can be identified through the use of X-ray or gamma-ray techniques in which the radiation passes through the sample and impresses on a subject photographic film. Under some circumstances, it is possible to nominate the X rays to a particular plane within the metal, permitting a 3rd dimensional view of the flaw shape along with its site.

Sound

Ultrasonic inspection of parts takes transmission of sound waves higher than human hearing range through the sample. Under the reflection technique, a sound wave is sent over one part of the material, reflected off the other part, then signalled to a receiver located at the starting end. When locating a break or weak point in the piece, the sound wave is reflected and its traveling time changed. The actual delay is a sign of the location of the imperfection; a map of the test piece can then be created to isolate the area and dimensions of the weaknesses. With the through-transmission process, the transmitter and receiver are located on opposite ends of the test piece; interruptions in the movement of the sound waves are studied to locate and measure cracks. Usually a water medium is used in which transmitter, sample, and receiver should be immersed.

Magnetism

As the magnetic elements of a material are very much formed by its overall form, magnetic techniques are employed to demonstrate the situation and general geometry of voids and imperfections. In magnetic testing, an apparatus is employed that consists of a sizeable length of wire through which flows a steady alternating current (primary coil). Located in the larger object is a shorter coil (the secondary coil), to which is attached an electrical measuring tool. The steady current in the initial coil causes the current to flow through the secondary coil by the process of induction. If an iron piece is slotted into the secondary coil, sudden changes in the further current will signal flaws in the sample. This method only locates differentiations within parts on the length of a sample and does not find elongated or continued marks very much. A similar process, making use of eddy currents induced in a primary coil, also may be employed to detect errors and breaks. A steady current is induced in part of the test sample. Flaws that are located across the path of the current make for resistance of the test object; this determination may be measured with the correct tools.

Infrared

Infrared methods have sometimes been utilized to detect material continuity in complex structural materials. In testing the quality of adhesive bonds with the sandwich core and facing sheets by a ordinary sandwich construct object like plywood, for example, heat is used against the surface of the sandwich skin object. In the case where bond lines appear to be continuous, the core parts provide a heat depression within the surface piece, and the general temperatures of the surface then drop steadily on the bond lines. In the case where a bond line appears to be too small, disappears, or mistaken, however, localised temperature should not adapt. Infrared photography of the area shall then demonstrate the situation and dimensions of the broken adhesive. A similar method uses thermal coatings that change colour at reaching a specific degree.

Conclusively, nondestructive test processes also are now being shown to permit a complete knowledge of the mechanical characteristics of a test piece. Ultrasonics and thermal techniques are most trustworthy in this area.

Looking for NDT Brisbane? For Brisbane non-destructive testing, contact Just Inspections today.

Good Reasons to Pay Your Suppliers on Time

Many small businesses spend far too much time on debt collection rather than their core business. Over the last 2-3 months I’ve noticed an increasing lag in payment cycles.

If you are in any sort of operation that uses small businesses as service providers or product suppliers it’s well worth your while to pay your bills on time and completely ignore to some “clever” accountants mantra of not paying until the second reminder. Guess what? People are human and they will pay back and pay forward. One way or the other you will pay in the end for screwing around your suppliers.

Here’s why:

1. If you pay on time you will get much better service. I know with my clients, the one’s who pay on time or early get the best service, day or night 365 days per year. These are A-Class clients. They pay on time or early, don’t bitch about the price, and as a result get excellent service and great value for money. They respect me, and I respect them. We both win.

2. If you don’t pay on time you reputation is on the line. Small business owners love to gossip. They slag off any customers who pay late. And with the Internet so freely available, your reputation can become crap overnight with one blog post. This leads into …

3. If you don’t pay on time, you can end up paying a premium. The current cost of money is about 1.5% per month. If your payment reputation is shite, than expect to pay at least 10-15 % more than if it were good or unknown. In some cases bad payers can be locked out of they supply chain completely and have to spend enormous amounts of time to find a new supplier.

With existing suppliers, if you screw them around, they will either add 10% to their next quote, or refer you to a lower-class competitor - hoping to send them broke because you don’t pay when due.

4. If you pay on time your staff don’t get harassed by debt collectors from your supplier’s accounts departments. This is a big source of staff burn-out. If you pay on time your staff won’t have to make up excuses for late payment and may actually start to enjoy their jobs.

In summary, if you want good service, good products, happier staff and ongoing loyalty, pay on time or before time and ignore your accountant’s advice.

What do you think? Why do you like early payment or not?

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